SpiceJet Fined INR 1 Lakh for Using ‘Dark Patterns’ on Flight Booking Platform
The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) has imposed a penalty of INR 1 lakh on SpiceJet for allegedly using deceptive design practices, known as dark patterns, on its flight booking platform. The consumer watchdog found that the airline automatically enrolled users into its SpiceClub Loyalty Programme through a pre-ticked checkbox and treated customers as having consented to promotional messages without requiring an active opt-in.
New Delhi, July 18: The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) has imposed a penalty of INR 1 lakh on SpiceJet for allegedly using deceptive design practices, known as dark patterns, on its flight booking platform. The consumer watchdog found that the airline automatically enrolled users into its SpiceClub Loyalty Programme through a pre-ticked checkbox and treated customers as having consented to promotional messages without requiring an active opt-in.
CCPA Flags Three Dark Patterns on SpiceJet Platform
The inquiry, led by CCPA Chief Commissioner Nidhi Khare and Commissioner Anupam Mishra, found that SpiceJet continued the practice even after receiving a notice. According to the authority, the airline replaced one pre-ticked checkbox with another seeking consent for promotional communication via SMS, WhatsApp and email. CCPA Cracks Down on IndiaMART, Justdial and Other Platforms Over Online Sale of Hazardous Chemicals.
The CCPA identified three dark patterns on the airline's platform:
- Forced Action: Users were automatically enrolled in the SpiceClub Loyalty Programme through a pre-selected checkbox.
- Interface Interference: The preferred option was presented as the default choice to influence consumer decisions.
- Trick Question: Confusing and negatively worded consent language that could mislead users.
The authority said such practices impair consumer autonomy, undermine informed decision-making and violate principles of fair and transparent consumer engagement. Why CCPA Fined Storia Foods: Know the Truth Behind '100% Juice' Marketing Claims.
Pre-Ticked Consent Not Valid Under Law
The CCPA said consent obtained through pre-ticked boxes, default settings or deceptive interface design does not amount to valid consent under Indian law. It held that SpiceJet violated provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, relating to unfair trade practices, unfair contract terms and misleading representations.
The airline was also found to be in breach of Rule 4(9) of the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020, which requires consumer consent to be obtained through explicit and affirmative action. The authority further cited the Guidelines for Prevention and Regulation of Dark Patterns, 2023.
SpiceJet Blames Technical Error
During the proceedings, SpiceJet told the CCPA that the issue resulted from a technical error. The airline has now been directed to submit an undertaking confirming that the corrective measures have been implemented and will remain in place permanently.
The CCPA reiterated its commitment to protecting consumer rights and ensuring that digital platforms operate in a fair, transparent and consumer-centric manner.
(The above story first appeared on LatestLY on Jul 18, 2026 10:58 AM IST. For more news and updates on politics, world, sports, entertainment and lifestyle, log on to our website latestly.com).
